B.S. in Environmental Science, Johnson State College, 1978M.S. Plant in Pathology, University of Massachusetts, 1981Ph.D. in Botany, Washington State University, 1990 (under R.N. Mack),Dissertation Title: Multiple Introduction and Founder Effects in Bromustectorum. An Analysis of Eurasian and North American Populations Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Botany, Washington State University (under P.S. Soltis) 1990-1992
